Category Archives: prints and drawings

prints and drawings

On Stuffed Animals Hanging from the Ceiling

cook hogarth hudibras2This post is in honor of William H. Helfand’s wonderful article in the Gazette of the Grolier Club, new series number 63 (2012 but just released) entitled “On Stuffed Animals Hanging from the Ceiling.” Helfand quotes Anthony Grafton when he notes that visitors to the workrooms of the pharmacies and physician’s offices “gaped at their magnificent collections, the shelves stocked with shells, fossils, monstrous fish, and Siamese-twin animals, the ceilings hung with everything from starfish to crocodiles.” (from “the Moonstruck Tuscan” in Bookforum Feb/March 2011).

“So, why were the stuffed animals hanging from the ceiling in the pharmacies, doctor’s offices, dentist’s operating rooms, and alchemist’s laboratories?” writes Helfand. To find the answer, you will have to read his article.

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Thomas Cook (1744-1818) after William Hogarth (1697-1764), Hudibras beats Sidrophel and his man Whacum, plate 8 from Hudibras, no date [1800]. Graphic Arts Collection GA 2005.01365

For Hogarth’s original book illustrations, see Samuel Butler (1612-1680), Hudibras: in three parts, written in the time of the late wars; corrected and amended, with additions, to which is added annotations, with an exact index to the whole; adorn’d with a new set of cuts, design’d and engrav’d by Mr. Hogarth (London: Printed for B. Motte … , 1726). Rare Books (Ex)  3660.5.34.135

Anthony Grafton’s article is available to Princeton full-text through Proquest at: http://search.proquest.com/docview/853755745/142D2D35D4F9122DC1/1?accountid=13314

 

Fall of Montmorenci

fall of montmorenci1The British artist and soldier, Lieutenant George Bulteel Fisher, sailed up the St. Lawrence River to Quebec in 1775-76 and made drawings of the spectacular views he found. Later, engraver John William Edye created six huge aquatints after Fisher’s sketches, published in 1796.

This view of the Fall of Montmorenci was one. The Graphic Arts Collection also holds Fisher’s Falls of Montmorenci from the Island of Orleans, from the same series. Each is inscribed “To His Royal Highness Prince Edward, Major General, Commanding His Majesty’s Forces in the Province of Nova Scotia, &c. &c. These Views of North America, most of them taken whilst he had the honour of attending His Royal Highness in that country, are humbly inscribed … by G. B. Fisher.”

Both were donated to Princeton by Leonard L. Milberg and featured in the exhibition Early American Views from the Collection of Leonard L. Milberg,’53  in 1983.

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John William Edye, 1760-1802; after drawings by George Bulteel Fisher, 1764-1834. Fall of Montmorenci, 246, Perpendicular Feet, 1796. Aquatint. Graphic Arts Collection GA 2013.00888. Gift of Leonard L. Milberg, Class of 1953.

Helen West Heller Joins The Latin Quarter-ly

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Woodcut by Helen West Heller in The Latin Quarter-ly (New York: Maspa Press, 1933-1934). Graphic Arts Collection 2014- in process.

DSCN4499During the depression of the 1930s, Ruth Widen and Lew Ney could no longer afford to live in Manhattan and moved their Parnassus Press to the Brooklyn waterfront south of the Brooklyn Bridge. For their larger print jobs, Max Spiegel, owner of Maspa Press on Barrow Street, let them use whatever equipment they needed. It was his Linotype machine that enabled them to bring out a substantial new magazine called The Latin Quarter-ly (associating Greenwich Village with its Parisian counterpart).

Unlike Lew Ney’s other news-sheets, this is a fifty-page magazine with editorials, poems, a short stories, essays, plays, cartoons, book and art reviews, and literary news. The content is decidedly more political, given the editors’ involvement with the Writers’ Union. The art is sharp and satirical thanks to artists borrowed from the New Masses, included Art Young (1866-1943) and Helen West Heller (1872-1955), who had only recently moved to New York City. Over 100 subscriptions were sold before the first issue was out, including to NYPL and Harvard University.

Sherwood Anderson’s name is front and center as a consulting editor, although he never contributes his own writing. Regular contributors include Louis Ginsberg (1896-1976, Allen Ginsberg’s father); the young Norman Fitzroy Maclean (1902-1990), later known for A River Runs Through It; the progressive minister Rev. Eliot White; Oxford-educated literary scholar Walter Edwin Peck (1891-1954), recently fired from Hunter College; journalist Isaac Don Levine (1892-1981) responsible for the formation of the Citizens National Committee for Sacco and Vanzetti; and Estelle Sternberger (1886-1971) a radio commentator who became the executive director of World Peaceways.

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Woodcut by Helen West Heller in The Latin Quarter-ly (New York: Maspa Press, 1933-1934). Graphic Arts Collection 2014- in process.

The 1934 winter issue includes the music for The Peril of Sheridan Square by Robert Edwards.

I know a girl I’d like to hurl into the river some day.
You may think me crude when I allude to any lady this way.
But she’s a pest, I get no rest from her nagging for lodging and food
But when I resist then she’ll insist that my reluctance is rude.

She’s the belle of Stewarts’ cafeteria down in Sheridan Square.
Where the nuts and the bums with their sex-hysteria patiently give her the air.
She hasn’t a home, no place of her own, she domiciles anywhere,
And her name if you ask it is Lizzie Mossbasket, the peril of Sheridan Square

This village queen, Lizzie I mean, went into Stewarts to feed
But there she found hanging around others in desperate need.
She hoped to mash some guy with cash to pay for the food that she’d et
But somehow I guess she’d little success poor thing is sitting there yet!

 

Is it a painting or a print?

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Louis Prang (1824-1909) after design by James McDougal Hart (1828-1901), Scene near Farmington, CT., Autumn , March 1, 1873. Chromolithograph. Published by Louis Prang & Company, Boston. Graphic Arts Collection GA 2007.00587. Gift of Leonard L. Milberg, Class of 1953.

“Our Chromo Prints,” wrote Louis Prang, “are absolute FACSIMILES of the originals, in color, drawing, and spirit, and their price is so low that every home may enjoy the luxury of possessing a copy of works of art, which hitherto adorned only the parlors of the rich.”
prang scene from farminton2In 1860, Prang established a Boston printing firm specializing in chromolithography, followed by a magazine, illustrated books, textbooks, cards, calendars, fine art, maps, and other print material. Prang quickly became one of the most prolific print publishers of the 19th-century.

“Louisa May Alcott praised Prang for ‘cultivating a love of art by placing copies of good and great pictures within the reach of all.’ Frederick Church wrote that he would proudly add his name ‘to the copious list of artists who have promised to furnish works for publication.’ Yet other critics found chromo lithographs distasteful. E. L. Godkin, editor of the Nation, argued that quality art could not be produced by the ‘mechanical contrivance’ of the printing press. In his view, chromos were vulgar imitations, deceptive illusions, mere ‘merchandise.’”–Lori Rotskoff, “Decorating the Dining-Room: Still-Life Chromolithographs,” in American Studies, 31, no. 1 (April 1997).

 

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Peter C. Marzio, The Democratic Art (Boston: David Godine, 1979). Graphic Arts Collection GARF Oversize NE2500 .M3q

 

John Everet Millais proofs

millais1Sir John Everett Millais (1829–1896) was the youngest student admitted to the Royal Academy School, accepted in 1840 at the age of eleven. While still a teenager, Millais and his classmates William Holman Hunt and Dante Gabriel Rossetti formed the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood.

Millais married and had eight children in quick succession. To support the family, he accepted work illustrating numerous publications, including the Moxon edition of Tennyson’s poems (1857), the magazine Once a Week (1859 onwards) and several novels by Trollope.

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The Graphic Arts Collection recently acquired a set of proofs for Millais’s illustrations for Mistress and Maid by the Scottish novelist Dinah Mulock (later Craik). According to Forrest Reid, they “equal the best of the Trollope designs, and taken together, form perhaps the finest series of drawings he made for any single novel.”

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In the end, only one drawing was used as a frontispiece in the Hurst and Blakett edition of Craik’s book. However, the entire set of prints appeared in the magazine Good Words, founded by the publisher Alexander Strahan the year earlier. The journal became distinguished, in particular, for its exceptional illustrations by the Pre-Raphaelites.

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John Everett Millais (1829-1896), Proof pulls on three large sheets of Millais’s twelve illustrations to Mistress and Maid by Dinah Mulock, as serialized in Good Words in January-November 1862 ([London, 1861?]). Engraved by Dalziel after Millais. Graphic Arts Collection GAX 2013- in process

Dinah Maria Mulock Craik (1826-1887), Mistress and Maid (London: Hurst and Blakett [1863]). The frontispiece by J. E. Millais, engraved by John Saddler. Rare Books: Morris L. Parrish Collection (ExParrish) Craik 85

Good Words ([London: Alexander Strahan and Co., 1860-1906]). RECAP 0901.G646

 

 

The Mustard Seed Garden Painting Manual

mustard seed2芥子園畫傳 : Jieziyuan Huazhuan : The Mustard Seed Garden Painting Manual. Part one 1679, part two and three 1701. Woodblock prints in five colors. Graphic Arts Collection in process.

The Graphic Arts Collection holds a beautifully preserved copy of The Mustard Seed Garden Painting Manual, including all five books of part one and four books of parts two and three. It was purchased in 1958 by Gillette G. Griffin, curator of graphic arts.

The title comes from the mansion known as Jieziyuan or the Mustard Seed Garden owned by the novelist and connoisseur Li Yu (1611-ca.1688). His son-in-law Shen Xinyou collected the teaching materials of the Chinese painter Li Liufang (1575-1629) and commissioned Wang Gai (1645-1707) to design a painting manual around these instructions, with a preface by Li Yu.

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It’s hard to overestimate the importance of these volumes, which were reprinted over and over in China and Japan. We are currently examining the plates and seals to identify which printing we hold and believe the first two parts are early, if not first, printings. The third part is clearly a much later edition.

Here are a few 17th-century pages from the first part.
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Katagami

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The Graphic Arts Collection holds a large collection of Katagami or Japanese cut-paper stencils. These are working tools and so none of the artists who made them are unidentified. This is too bad since these artisans have been designated as Important Intangible Cultural Properties of Japan.

Unlike American stencils used to paint directly onto the paper or fabric, the Japanese technique of Katazome uses the stencil to apply a resist or rice paste through the intricate cut paper design. Once the paste has dried, the stencil is removed and the fabric is dyed, creating a pattern only where the paper stencil covered the cloth. Each stencil is meant to be repeated over a large cloth.

Most of our stencils are housed in thin Mylar sleeves to preserve the fragile silk cross-hairs holding the designs in place. Made from several layers of washi paper, they are surprisingly flexible and show little sign of wear. Most of our designs include recognizable objects from nature: flowers or birds or small animals. We do not use them anymore for making Katazome, but enjoy the stencils for their beautiful designs and intricate cutting. Here are a few examples.
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For more information see: Susanna Kuo, Carved paper: the art of the Japanese stencil (Santa Barbara, Calif.: Santa Barbara Museum of Art; New York: Weatherhill, 1998) Graphic Arts (GARF) Oversize NK8665.J3 K86 1998q

Jean Dieu de Saint-Jean (1654-1695)

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costume french3Long before the fashionable photographs of Cecil Beaton (1904-1980) or the posh pochoir plates of George Barbier (1882–1932), there were the costume studies of Jean Dieu de Saint-Jean (1654-1695). Far too little is known or recorded of the French painter and engraver known as Saint-Jean (not to be confused with the sculptor Jean de Dieu). According to Benezit’s Dictionary of Artists, “he was accepted by the Académie de Paris on 25 April 1671 but was struck off on 2 March 1709 for not having come up with his acceptance piece. He engraved fashion figurines.”

The prints in this bound collection were all designed by Saint-Jean, as noted in the plate, but engraved by other artists. The only engravers identified in the plate are Gérard Scotin (1643-1715) and Franz Ertinger (1640-ca.1710). The prints represent Louis XIV (1638-1715), King of France, along with members of his family and court. However, they should not be taken as likenesses of the individuals, who did not sit for their portraits, but merely costume studies placed inside generic backdrops.

Jean Dieu de Saint-Jean (1654-1695), [Collection of the Costumes of France] (Paris, 1678-1698). Spine title: Mode de France. All engraved. Graphic Arts Collection, GAX 2013- in process.
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Posture Master Alphabet

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Attributed to Lampridio Giovanardi (1811-1878), Anthropomorphic or Posture Master Alphabet ([Emilia Romagna, ca. 1860]). 23 x 31 cm. Graphic Arts Collection GAX 2013- in process


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Graphic Arts Collection featured in Madrid

The Graphic Arts Collection of portrait engravings by Robert Nanteuil (1623-1678), gift of John Douglas Gordon, class of 1905, was recently highlighted by Fundaçion Juan March in Madrid. Focusing in particular on a portrait of Louis XIV, art historian Javier Blas Benito examines the innovative techniques used by Nanteuil to create depth and dimension in a two-dimensional print. Here is a PDF of their bulletin:

http://www.march.es/recursos_web/prensa/estampas/Julio-Septiembre2013.pdf

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Robert Nanteuil, (1623-1678), Louis XIV, 1663. Engraving. Inscription: Ludovicus XIIII Dei Gratia Franciae Et Navarrae Rex.’ Graphic Arts collection GA 2005.01126. Gift of John Douglas Gordon, Class of 1905.

A local Princetonian, Gordon’s home was only a few blocks from campus. I still hear stories about how he would welcome students inside and then, rush to get them chairs when they became overwhelmed by the sheer number of spectacular engravings that covered the walls of every room. In 1966, Gordon donated the entire collection of 134 seventeenth-century prints to the Graphic Arts Collection in memory of his wife, Janet Munday Gordon. He would be pleased to know how far his collection has reached and how many people it continues to inspire.