Category Archives: Books

books

Emily Preston, Bookbinder and Spiritualist

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The artisan bindings of Emily Preston (1867-195?) were already being reviewed in the November 22, 1901 issue of the Brooklyn Eagle, barely a year after she opened a studio in New York City. Born in Chicago, Preston was recently returned from 15 years in Europe where she studied bookbinding in Switzerland, London, and France.

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The New York Sun ran a long profile of Preston that was reprinted on January 3, 1902, in the Boston Evening Transcript under the heading “Among the Bookbinders, Some Studies with Masters of the Craft.” It mentions that her first studio was at 127 East 23rd Street, but within a few years Preston opened a bindery with Helen Haskell (Noyes, 1864-1940) in the luxury apartment building known as the St. George at 223 East 17th Street. Each floor at the St. George had only two vast apartments with an elevator between them (later converted to 44 single apartments).

According to ancestry documents, she and Haskell lived and traveled together until Helen’s death in 1940, with the exception of a few years when Helen was married to Charles William Noyes (1854-1921). By the 1920 census, Charles is renting a room on his own.

Both Preston and Haskell studied bookbinding at the Hammersmith shop of T.J. Cobden-Sanderson (1840-1922), although at different times. “I didn’t plunge into the Dove’s Bindery at the start,” Preston told the New York Sun reporter. “I began work in Vevay, Switzerland. I hadn’t the faintest idea of making bookbinding a profession, you know. I only took it up to keep from being bored.”

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After a few weeks learning the Swiss technique, Preston went on to London and was surprised by Cobden-Sanderson’s insistence that she stay at least one year. But she agreed, paying 500 guineas for tuition. Although there was room for up to three students each year, Preston was alone during her first six month.

“I stayed at the bindery longer than any of the other pupils,” she commented. “At the end of the year I fitted up a studio over the Dove’s Press, which was just being installed [1893], and spent six months there, having special evening lessons from the bindery teachers.”
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By 1900, Preston was in New York City, helping to establish an Arts and Crafts Society (Guild of Arts and Crafts) based on the London organization. She agreed to serve as its first president. Several years later, the Society’s division of bookworkers met in Preston’s apartment and voted to form a separate, national Guild of Bookworkers.preston3-2

In 1916, both Preston and Noyes were introduced to spiritualism after reading Sir Oliver Lodge’s Raymond, or Life and Death (New York: G.H. Doran, 1916). [Firestone BL1261 .L82 1916]. By 1920, they were practicing spiritualists, communicating with dead relatives through automatic writing. Their book, The Voice from Space: to Emily Preston and Helen Haskell Noyes (New York: Irving Press, 1920), transcribes seven lessons received from “a master,” including text unusually close to Helen’s father’s theories on the benefits of fasting and Emily’s theories on female independence.

Here is a bit of Preston’s introduction:
preston7-2Preston continued to bind books by hand into her 70s, although none are identified in OCLC or at Princeton.


The Medium Exposed? Or, a Modern Spiritualistic Séance (1906) | BFI.

Particulars of Shakspeare’s House at Stratford on Avon, for sale by auction…

DownloadDocument_Page_1On May 15, 1847, the satirical London magazine Punch published a letter from Thomas Phineas Barnum [not the real Phineas Taylor Barnum] concerning the upcoming sale of William Shakespeare’s house. Ultimately, “Lot 1, the house” was bought by the Chairmen of the London and Stratford Committee [Thomas Amyot, chairman, and Peter Cunningham, treasurer] for 3000 pounds. We recently found the catalogue of that sale, see below:

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George Henry Robins (1777-1847), Particulars of Shakspeare’s House, at Stratford on Avon, for Sale by Auction, by Mr. Robins (London: [A. Robins, 1847]). Graphic Arts Collection in process

Printed with Axle Grease over Caviar

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Princeton University Library holds one copy of every book created by the contemporary artist Ed Ruscha. Moving some books require extra help because of their size, such as Ruscha’s News, Mews, Pews, Brews, Stews, & Dues (London: Editions Alecto, 1970). Graphic Arts Collection. Copy 77 of 125, plus 25 AP.

Each of the six organic screen prints in this portfolio is 23 x 31 inches (58.4 x 78.7 cm), housed in a red velvet-covered box 24 5/8 x 33 1/4 inches (62.6 x 84.1 cm). To open on the table, it needs six feet of clear space. Thank you to Brianna Cregle for her help with it.

 

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Each print is made with different and unexpected organic materials, such as News, which was printed with blackcurrant pie filling over red salmon roe. In a 1970 interview included in this volume, Ruscha said he liked the incongruous elements. “The pleasure of it is both in the wit and the absurdity of the combination. I mean the idea of combining axle grease and caviar!” He went on to say “New mediums encourage me. I still paint in oil paint. But what I’m interested in is illustrating ‘ideas’.”

 

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The illustration above shows the various organic materials used in making this portfolio. Below are the recipes for each individual print. The pseudo-Gothic font was, for Ruscha, an expression of English culture and the words a reaction to his enjoyment with actual London mews while living there.

 

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news mews4Axle grease over caviar.

 

news mews3Hershey’s chocolate flavor syrup and Camp coffee and chicory essence. Squid in the ink.

 

 

“Eyes on the Half Shell,” and the rest of “The Blind Man”

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Although it is one of the most sited modern publications, The Blind Man is also one of the most difficult to find. Princeton has only the second issue (of two). The same is true for the issue posted over at The International Dada Archive at the University of Iowa Libraries. Founded in 1979 as part of the Dada Archive and Research Center, the website includes books, articles, microfilmed manuscript collections, video and sound recordings, and more but only issue two of The Blind Man. http://sdrc.lib.uiowa.edu/dada/blindman/2/index.htm

Tout-Fait: The Marcel Duchamp Studies Online Journal: http://www.toutfait.com/issues/issue_3/Collections/girst/index.html, posted the facsimile copies of both issue one and two, along with Rongwrong.

Just to compare, here’s every page of our no. 2 issue.
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“Bob” Brown (1886-1959) was, among many other things, a visual poet and contributed this piece to his friend’s publication. Between 1908 and 1917, Brown wrote for many magazines and then in 1918, traveled in Mexico and Central America, writing for the U.S. Committee of Public Information in Santiago de Chile. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/11/books/review/Schuessler-t.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0

See also: Robert Carlton Brown, The Readies (Bad Ems, Roving eye press, 1930). Rare Books (Ex) 3644.913.375. Collection of Elmer Adler.
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blind man1Note the only gallery that was supporting modern American artists at this time was the marvelous Charles Daniel and his Daniel Gallery. Unlike Alfred Stieglitz, Daniel paid for an advertisement to support the magazine and unlike Marius de Zayas at The Modern or Stephan Bourgeois at the Bourgeois gallery, Daniel championed young, contemporary Americans rather than the established European artists. See: http://www.nytimes.com/1994/01/07/arts/review-art-an-early-champion-of-modernists.html

Jean-Frédéric Schall, 18th-century Kardashian

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John Milton (1608-1674), Le Paradis perdu, poëme par Milton; édition en anglais et en français. Ornée de douze estampes imprimées en couleur d’après les tableaux de M. Schall (Paris: André Defer de Maisonneuve, rue du Foin S. Jacques, no. 11, 1792). 12 stipple engravings, printed à la poupée. Graphic Arts Collection Oversize PR3561.F5 D8 1792q

The twelve plates, one each for the twelve books, are after paintings by Jean-Frédéric Schall (1752-1825) [below], which were after previous Milton designs by Francis Hayman (ca. 1708-1776). The plates were engraved by Alexandre L. Clément; Nicolas Colibert; Mme de Monchy; and Jean-Baptiste Gautier.
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Jean-Frédéric_Schall_(1752-1825)Jean-Frédéric Schall studied at the Ecole Publique de Dessin in Strasbourg and the Académie Royale in Paris, but never became a member. “After leaving the school, Schall immediately found himself launched into the world of frivolous and romantic high society which enlivened Paris during the Ancien Régime. It was a world in which actresses from the Comédie Française, dancers and fashionable women rubbed shoulders with the financiers and princes of whom they were the mistresses. Schall quickly became the beloved painter of this world.” —Benezit Dictionary of Artists

An example of the lively circles in which Schall traveled is faithfully depicted in Louis Léopold Boilly’s painting Meeting of Artists in Isabey’s Studio (1798). Schall stands near the center of this scene [below]. The painting is currently hanging in Musée du Louvre in Paris.

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Shin Moyô Hînagata, no. 2

japanese sketchbook4My thanks to Thomas Hare, William Sauter LaPorte ’28 Professor in Regional Studies, Professor of Comparative Literature; and to Eileen Reeves, Professor and Chair of Comparative Literature and an Associate Member of the Program in the History of Science at Princeton University.

Professor Hare has offered a bit more information on Shin Moyô Hînagata, which was posted a few days ago: https://graphicarts.princeton.edu/2016/07/30/shin-moyo-hinagata/. He agreed to let me pass it on:

The charming little book you and Graphic Arts have discovered is a pattern book of sorts. The title means something like New Patterns in Miniature, and the writing seems, at least in some cases, to number individual drawings (the numbers 8 and 9 are clear to read on the second full spread, the one of, I think, magnolias and some kind of little red flower.) I can’t make out the second graph on these pages very well, although it could possibly be two graphs combined, the second of which might be the -ta from [Hina]-gata. That word, in the title, btw, could also be read Hiinagata (or Hînagata, with a macron rather than the circumflex I’ve typed in ignorance of how to type a macron in email) I think that would be better that way, purely for euphony (5/5 rather than 5/4 syllables).

The little words with repeat marks next to the little brown bird on the second (single) page read “chû, chû, chû, etc.” and are onomatopoeia for the bird’s chirping.

. . .  I particularly like the one with the brown bird, because in ancient Japanese texts, incomprehensible speech (such as that of peasants from the point of view of the lofty Genji) is said to sound like the chirping of birds. This is a purely random association, but it does gesture toward our many languages, and toward the old Japanese conceit that all sentient creatures are endowed with the capacity to produce poetry.

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Princeton acquires a back run of “Charlie Hebdo,” 1995-2016

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Thanks to Rubén Gallo, Walter S. Carpenter, Jr., Professor in Language, Literature, and Civilization of Spain. Professor of Spanish and Portuguese Languages and Cultures, and Director, Program in Latin American Studies, who was traveling in France this summer, Princeton University Library acquired a back run of the satirical French newspaper Charlie Hebdo.

Thanks also to our colleagues John Logan, Literature Bibliographer, and Fernando Acosta-Rodriguez, Librarian for Latin American Studies, Latino Studies, and Iberian Peninsular Studies for their assistance with this acquisition.

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It is surprising and instructive to see what we were laughing at ten or twenty years ago. Note the 9/11 issue at the top. These newspapers will be boxed by our conservation department and stored in Rare Books and Special Collections’ recap, making them available to all researchers.

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charlie hebdo5January 2003.
The next time I vote [Lionel] Jospin [Prime Minister of France from 1997 to 2002].

A New Hieroglyphical Bible

Within the various collections in Rare Books and Special Collection we hold 13 copies of A New Hieroglyphical Bible for the Amusement & Instruction of Children published from 1794 to 1849. This doesn’t make it any less exciting to receive another.

The recent donation had condition issues and so, Mick LeTourneaux, Rare Books Conservator in our Preservation Office worked on it. Here is a look at the before and after.bible
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Since there is no title page, it is difficult to know which edition we have. The newspaper waste used in the back cover gives an account of congressional funding for cannons, dated March 3, 1809, so that is helpful in dating the binding.

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bible2Each page has a key at the bottom in case you can’t figure out the sentence. Here is the right side:

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Bound in with the Hieroglyphical bible is: The Life of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ and His Apostles by Thomas Stackhouse (ca. 1680-1752). It is the first copy at Princeton that includes individual woodcuts and descriptions of all the apostles.
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La vie et les mystères de la Bienheureuse Vierge Marie

la vie3La vie et les mystères de la bienheureuse Vierge Marie, mère de Dieu (Paris, Nantes: Henri Carpentier, [Lemercier, Lithographic printer], 1859). Graphic Arts Collection RECAP-97154882
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The German printmaker Franz Kellerhoven (1814-1872) was living in Paris in 1859, the year he created the 97 chromolithographs for this pseudo medieval manuscript, titled La vie et les mystères de la Bienheureuse Vierge Marie, mère de Dieu = Life and the mysteries of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God. The British Museum identifies them as oleographs, or chromolithographs printed with an oil-based ink to replicate the look of a painted illumination.

Although the text was written by Arthur Martin (1801-1856), it is usually the Nantes printer/publisher Pierre Henri Charpentier (1788-1854) who receives the most credit for the project. The lithographs were printed at the Paris shop of Lemercier and the text in Nantes, “tirage a la presse a bras” (printed on a hand-worked press).

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It is interesting that similar facsimiles were produced in installments over several years, not unlike a Dickens novel. Subscribers received a small section of the book as it was being produced. There is no documentation that Charpentier followed that process with La vie, but 97 lithographs from ten stones each (970 passes) would have taken a very long time to complete. Charles Wood III notes that binding directions are found on the final leaf.

Michael Twyman reminds us that Kellerhoven only undertook two major commissions with the French lithography firm of Lemercier & Cie., this being one. “In [this] book he put on stone work that Ledoux, Gsell, and Ciappori had drawn in the spirit of illuminated manuscripts of the seventh to seventeenth centuries . . . The amount of chromolithographic work needed for this publication in such a short period suggests that Kellerhoven must have employed several assistants . . . (A History of Chromolithography, pp. 352-3).
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[These digital images were taken under fluorescent lights and are much greener than the original, sorry]

Stay overnight in a paper factory

20160702_132719_resizedOn 36th street in Long Island City is a factory building that once housed Isidor Goldberg’s pioneering firm, The Pilot Electric Manufacturing Company also known as the Pilot Radio Company. http://www.earlytelevision.org/pilot_history.html

After the Second World War, the building was home to a successful paper mill and later, Samuel Roth ran the Romo Paper Products printing company listed as a stationary and greeting card company. Most recently, the factory has been transformed into a hotel, perfect for historically curious travelers.
20160702_133031_resizedIn the basement nightclub is one of the original paper machines from the La Pietra machinery company. It has been converted into the DJ’s booth, or was the day I visited.
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20160702_133007_resizedHere’s a picture [below] from the hotel files, before the basement was converted into a nightclub, which shows the machine a little clearer.
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20160702_132509_resizedThere are various decorative book motifs throughout the public areas. In the central stair is a three-story column of books and around the corner are several walls embedded with codex volumes. At the front desk is the original Burroughs adding machine and an early typewriter. It is an enormous building and I’m sure there is more that I missed.20160702_133240_resized
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